| publications-4361 |
article |
2016 |
Liu, Ariane and Liu, Ariane and Giurco, Damien and Giurco, Damien and Mukheibir, Pierre and Mukheibir, Pierre |
Urban water conservation through customised water and end-use information |
Journal of Cleaner Production |
10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.10.002 |
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Abstract Water conservation in urban centres is an ongoing challenge in which new technologies can play an important role. Smart water metering in conjunction with end-use analysis enables the collection of more detailed information on household water consumption than was previously possible. This presents a new and currently underexplored opportunity to promote more efficient water use via the provision of detailed customised water-use information to householders. Among the variety of possible approaches, is the option of paper-based reports containing a highly detailed β€snapshot’ of household water use. This paper describes a mixed methods study in which customised paper-based β€Home Water Updates’ were provided to a group of households in Australia to explore the idea of providing detailed feedback, including detailed end-use consumption information on uses of water within the home. The methods used within this research are described in detail to disseminate experience in this relatively new area of research. Analysis of the post-intervention householder evaluation survey showed the provision of detailed water-use information via the Home Water Updates appealed to the vast majority of householders; and further resulted in changed behaviours (e.g. shorter showers and full washing machine loads) and installations of new infrastructure. These research findings suggest a role for customised household water and end-use information via smart metering. However, more work is required to optimise approaches to enable a significant contribution towards more sustainable urban water management. |
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| publications-4362 |
article |
2017 |
Taormina, Riccardo and Taormina, Riccardo and Galelli, Stefano and Galelli, Stefano and Tippenhauer, Nils Ole and Tippenhauer, Nils Ole and Tippenhauer, Nils Ole and Salomons, Elad and Salomons, Elad and Ostfeld, Avi and Ostfeld, Avi |
Characterizing Cyber-Physical Attacks on Water Distribution Systems |
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management |
10.1061/(asce)wr.1943-5452.0000749 |
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AbstractThis work contributes a modeling framework to characterize the effect of cyber-physical attacks (CPAs) on the hydraulic behavior of water distribution systems. The framework consists of an ... |
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| publications-4363 |
article |
2017 |
Söderberg, Rikard and Söderberg, Rikard and Wärmefjord, Kristina and Wärmefjord, Kristina and Carlson, Johan S. and Carlson, Johan S. and Lindkvist, Lars and Lindkvist, Lars |
Toward a Digital Twin for real-time geometry assurance in individualized production |
Cirp Annals-manufacturing Technology |
10.1016/j.cirp.2017.04.038 |
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| publications-4364 |
article |
2018 |
Kaewunruen, Sakdirat and Kaewunruen, Sakdirat and Kaewunruen, Sakdirat and Rungskunroch, Panrawee and Rungskunroch, Panrawee and Welsh, Joshua A. and Welsh, Joshua |
A Digital-Twin Evaluation of Net Zero Energy Building for Existing Buildings |
Sustainability |
10.3390/su11010159 |
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With buildings around the world accounting for nearly one-third of global energy demand and the availability of fossil fuels constantly on the decline, there is a need to ensure that this energy demand is efficiently and effectively managed using renewable energy now more than ever. Most research and case studies have focused on energy efficiency of †new ’ buildings. In this study, both technical and financial viability of Net Zero Energy Buildings (NZEB) for †existing ’ buildings will be highlighted. A rigorous review of open literatures concerning seven principal areas that in themselves define the concept of NZEB building is carried out. In practice, a suitable option of the NZEB solutions is needed for the evaluation and improvement for a specific geographical area. The evaluation and improvement has been carried out using a novel hierarchy-flow chart coupled with a Building Information Model (BIM). This BIM or digital twin is then used to thoroughly visualize each option, promote collaboration among stakeholders, and accurately estimate associated costs and associated technical issues encountered with producing an NZEB in a pre-determined location. This paper also provides a future model for NZEB applications in existing buildings, which applies renewable technologies to the building by aiming to identify ultimate benefit of the building especially in terms of effectiveness and efficiency in energy consumption. It is revealed that the digital twin is proven to be feasible for all renewable technologies applied on the NZEB buildings. Based on the case study in the UK, it can be affirmed that the suitable NZEB solution for an existing building can achieve the 23 year return period. |
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| publications-4365 |
article |
2018 |
Cominola, Andrea and Cominola, Andrea and Cominola, Alessandro and Giuliani, Matteo and Giuliani, Matteo and Castelletti, Andrea and Castelletti, Andrea and Rosenberg, David E. and Rosenberg, David E. and Abdallah, Adel and Abdallah, Adel M. |
Implications of data sampling resolution on water use simulation, end-use disaggregation, and demand management |
Environmental Modelling and Software |
10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.11.022 |
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Abstract Understanding the tradeoff between the information of high-resolution water use data and the costs of smart meters to collect data with sub-minute resolution is crucial to inform smart meter networks. To explore this tradeoff, we first present STREaM, a STochastic Residential water End-use Model that generates synthetic water end-use time series with 10-s and progressively coarser sampling resolutions. Second, we apply a comparative framework to STREaM output and assess the impact of data sampling resolution on end-use disaggregation, post meter leak detection, peak demand estimation, data storage, and meter availability. Our findings show that increased sampling resolution allows more accurate end-use disaggregation, prompt water leakage detection, and accurate and timely estimates of peak demand. Simultaneously, data storage requirements and limited product availability mean most large-scale, commercial smart metering deployments sense data with hourly, daily, or coarser sampling frequencies. Overall, this work provides insights for further research and commercial deployment of smart water meters. |
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| publications-4366 |
article |
2019 |
Shim, Chang-Su and Shim, Chang-Su and Dang, Ngoc-Son and Dang, Ngoc-Son and Lon, Sokanya and Lon, Sokanya and Jeon, Chi-Ho and Jeon, Chi-Ho and Jeon, Chi-Ho |
Development of a bridge maintenance system for prestressed concrete bridges using 3D digital twin model |
Structure and Infrastructure Engineering |
10.1080/15732479.2019.1620789 |
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AbstractPreventive maintenance is increasingly becoming an essential strategy in the bridge industry owing to its proactive advantage of maintaining the structural sustainability during its entire ... |
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| publications-4367 |
article |
2020 |
Cvetković, Dragan and Cvetković, Dragan and Cvetković, Dragan and Cvetković, Dragan and Cvetković, Dragan and Nešović, Aleksandar and Nešović, Aleksandar and Terzić, Ivana and Terzić, Ivana |
Impact of people's behavior on the energy sustainability of the residential sector in emergency situations caused by COVID-19. |
Energy and Buildings |
10.1016/j.enbuild.2020.110532 |
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Abstract Humanity is currently confronted with a new, unknown, highly contagious virus, where social isolation and increased personal hygiene seem to be the main means in preventing its spread. The world economy is very threatened by the new situation, which has not bypassed the energy sector either. The mortality rate is relatively high, people are not leaving their homes, which is directly reflected in the increase of the energy consumption in the residential sector. The same is valid for water consumption. For a household located in Kragujevac (Central Serbia), 4 simulation scenarios were analyzed (S1 – reference case, S2 – mild protection measures, S3 – semi-quarantine measures, S4 – complete quarantine) to assess the link between people's behavior (on the one hand) and the consumption of natural gas, electricity and water (on the other hand), in the residential sector, in unforeseen circumstances, such as the COVID-19 virus pandemic. The analysis was conducted numerically for the month of March 2020, using EnergyPlus software packages. In defining the above scenarios, a one-minute time step schedule of people's behavior was used, taking into account the number of family members in the household, their age, occupation, lifestyle, habits (all in accordance with cultural and socio-economic circumstances), as well as the measures taken by the Government of the Republic of Serbia to fight the pandemic. Also, an analysis of energy consumption at the level of the city of Kragujevac for the past three years was made, based on data obtained from public companies – distributors (thermal energy, natural gas, electricity, water). In this paper, an analysis of air quality for the same time period was conducted, which is closely related to energy consumption and limited population movement. The simulatinos show that the consumption of natural gas can increase by 21.26\% (S2), electricity by 58.39\% (S4), and the consumption of water from the city water supply network by 25.45\% (S3) compared to the reference case (S1). On the other hand, based on the invoice for payment of services to distributors, the actual energy consumption that was made on the analyzed house during the month of March 2020 was: natural gas (260.36 Sm3), electricity (1 418 kWh), and water (22.5 m3). The conducted economic analysis showed that the largest funds at the level of the entire facility were allocated in S3 (27.33\% more than in S1), and that the actual costs were 15.09\% higher than in S1, and 16.41\% lower than in S2. |
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| publications-4368 |
article |
2020 |
Roidt, Mario and Roidt, Mario and Chini, Christopher M. and Chini, Christopher M. and Stillwell, Ashlynn S. and Stillwell, Ashlynn S. and Cominola, Andrea and Cominola, Andrea |
Unlocking the Impacts of COVID-19 Lockdowns: Changes in Thermal Electricity Generation Water Footprint and Virtual Water Trade in Europe |
Environmental Science and Technology Letters |
10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00381 |
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Drastic changes in electricity demand have been observed since March 2020 in Europe, after several countries implemented lockdown-like measures to contain the spread of COVID-19. We investigate the... |
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| publications-4369 |
article |
0 |
Powell, Jennifer and Powell, James C. and West, John R. and West, John R. and Hallam, Nicholas B. and Hallam, Nicholas B. and Forster, C.F. and Forster, Christopher F. and Simms, John and Simms, John |
Performance of Various Kinetic Models for Chlorine Decay |
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management |
10.1061/(asce)0733-9496(2000)126:1(13) |
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A number of computer packages have been developed for modeling chlorine decay in water distribution networks. However, there is uncertainty as to the kinetic model that they should use for the decay mechanism. This paper explores the performance of six different kinetic models for the decay of free chlorine in over 200 bulk water samples from a number of different sources. The paper also presents the results of surveying the longitudinal decay profile of free chlorine in two in situ pipe stretches. It concludes that, for network modeling purposes, it is generally reasonable to assume first-order kinetics for bulk and overall decay. |
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| publications-4370 |
article |
1990 |
Miaou, Shaw-Pin and Miaou, Shawβ€Pin β€P |
A class of time series urban water demand models with nonlinear climatic effects |
Water Resources Research |
10.1029/wr026i002p00169 |
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A new class of monthly time series urban water demand model is proposed. The model postulates that water use is made up of base use and seasonal use; and the latter consists of three components: a potential use that is dependent on temperature in the absence of rainfall, a water use reduction due to rainfall occurrences, and a random component. The proposed model utilizes three observations that were established in recent daily water use studies: (1) β€_x009c_hysteresisβ€_x009d_ temperature effect: under the same temperature, water use has different levels and response rates (to a unit change of temperature) in different seasons, (2) β€_x009c_dynamicβ€_x009d_ rainfall effect: a rainfall causes a temporary reduction in seasonal use that diminishes over time, and (3) β€_x009c_state-dependentβ€_x009d_ rainfall effect: the higher the seasonal use level prior to the occurrence of a rainfall, the more significant the effect is expected. Monthly rainfall effects are derived through the time aggregating and averaging of a daily response model. The model so obtained is nonlinear in structure. The performance of the model is compared with conventional linear models using monthly data in Austin, Texas, from 1975 to 1984. The proposed nonlinear models outperform the linear models in describing seasonal water use variations in terms of adjusted R2, Akaike information criterion value, and ability to estimate the high summer use in dry and wet years. |
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