Scientific Results

This catalogue is obtained by conducting a systematic literature review of scientific studies and reviews related to monitoring, forecasting, and simulating the inland water cycle. The analysis maps scientific expertise across research groups and classifies findings by the type of inland water studied, application focus, and geographical scope. A gap analysis will identify missing research areas and assess their relevance to policymaking.

ID ▲ Type Year Authors Title Venue/Journal DOI Research type Water System Technical Focus Abstract Link with Projects Link with Tools Related policies ID
publications-3861 article 2020 Proctor, Caitlin R. and Proctor, Caitlin R. and Proctor, Caitlin R. and Rhoads, William J. and Rhoads, William J. and Keane, Tim and Keane, Tim and Salehi, Maryam and Salehi, Maryam and Hamilton, Kerry A. and Hamilton, Kerry A. and Pieper, Kelsey J. and Pieper, Kelsey J. and Cwiertny, David M. and Cwiertny, David M. and Prévost, Michèle and Prévost, Michèle and Whelton, Andrew J. and Whelton, Andrew J. Considerations for Large Building Water Quality after Extended Stagnation. 10.1002/aws2.1186 The unprecedented number of building closures related to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is concerning because water stagnation will occur in many buildings that do not have water management plans in place. Stagnant water can have chemical and microbiological contaminants that pose potential health risks for occupants. Health officials, building owners, utilities, and other entities are rapidly developing guidance to address this issue, but the scope, applicability, and details included in the guidance vary widely. To provide a primer of large building water system preventative and remedial strategies, peer-reviewed, government, industry, and nonprofit literature relevant to water stagnation and decontamination practices for plumbing was synthesized. Preventative practices to help avoid the need for recommissioning (e.g., routine flushing) and specific actions, challenges, and limitations associated with recommissioning were identified and characterized. Considerations for worker and occupant safety were also indicated. The intended audience of this work includes organizations developing guidance.
publications-3862 article 2020 Angjeliu, Grigor and Angjeliu, Grigor and Coronelli, Dario and Coronelli, Dario and Cardani, Giuliana and Cardani, Giuliana Development of the simulation model for Digital Twin applications in historical masonry buildings: The integration between numerical and experimental reality Computers & Structures 10.1016/j.compstruc.2020.106282
publications-3863 article 2020 Singh, Vijay P. and Sivakumar, Bellie and Sivakumar, Bellie COVID-19 and water. Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment 10.1007/s00477-020-01837-6 The 2019 coronavirus disease, called COVID-19, is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2). Since it was first identified in China in December 2019, COVID-19 has spread to almost all countries and territories and caused over 310,000 deaths, as on May 16, 2020. The impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic are now seen in almost every sector of our society. In this article, I discuss the impacts of COVID-19 on the water sector. I point out that our efforts to control the spread of COVID-19 will increase the water demand and worsen the water quality, leading to additional challenges in water planning and management. In view of the impacts of COVID-19 and other global-scale phenomena influencing water resources (e.g., global climate change), I highlight the urgent need for interdisciplinary collaborations among researchers studying water and new strategies to address water issues.
publications-3864 article 2020 Ramsey, Elizabeth and Ramsey, Elizabeth and Pesantez, Jorge E. and Pesantez, Jorge E. and Fasaee, Mohammad Ali Khaksar and Fasaee, Mohammad Ali Khaksar and DiCarlo, Morgan and DiCarlo, Morgan Faye and Monroe, Jacob G. and Monroe, Jacob G. and Berglund, Emily Zechman and Berglund, Emily Zechman A Smart Water Grid for Micro-Trading Rainwater: Hydraulic Feasibility Analysis Water 10.3390/w12113075 Water availability is increasingly stressed in cities across the world due to population growth, which increases demands, and climate change, which can decrease supply. Novel water markets and water supply paradigms are emerging to address water shortages in the urban environment. This research develops a new peer-to-peer non-potable water market that allows households to capture, use, sell, and buy rainwater within a network of water users. A peer-to-peer non-potable water market, as envisioned in this research, would be enabled by existing and emerging technologies. A dual reticulation system, which circulates non-potable water, serves as the backbone for the water trading network by receiving water from residential rainwater tanks and distributing water to households for irrigation purposes. Prosumer households produce rainwater by using cisterns to collect and store rainwater and household pumps to inject rainwater into the network at sufficiently high pressures. The smart water grid would be enabled through an array of information and communication technologies that provide capabilities for automated and real-time metering of water flow, control of infrastructure, and trading between households. The goal of this manuscript is to explore and test the hydraulic feasibility of a micro-trading system through an agent-based modeling approach. Prosumer households are represented as agents that store rainwater and pump rainwater into the network; consumer households are represented as agents that withdraw water from the network for irrigation demands. An all-pipe hydraulic model is constructed and loosely coupled with the agent-based model to simulate network hydraulics. A set of scenarios are analyzed to explore how micro-trading performs based on the level of irrigation demands that could realistically be met through decentralized trading; pressure and energy requirements at prosumer households; pressure and water quality in the pipe network.
publications-3865 article 2021 Verdouw, C.N. and Verdouw, Cor and TekinerdoΔ_x009f_an, Bedir and Tekinerdogan, Bedir and Beulens, A.J.M. and Beulens, Adrie J. M. and Beulens, Adrie J. M. and Beulens, Adrie J. M. and Wolfert, Sjaak and Wolfert, Sjaak Digital twins in smart farming Agricultural Systems 10.1016/j.agsy.2020.103046 Abstract Digital Twins are very promising to bring smart farming to new levels of farming productivity and sustainability. A Digital Twin is a digital equivalent of a real-life object of which it mirrors its behaviour and states over its lifetime in a virtual space. Using Digital Twins as a central means for farm management enables the decoupling of physical flows from its planning and control. As a consequence, farmers can manage operations remotely based on (near) real-time digital information instead of having to rely on direct observation and manual tasks on-site. This allows them to act immediately in case of (expected) deviations and to simulate effects of interventions based on real-life data. This paper analyses how Digital Twins can advance smart farming. It defines the concept, develops a typology of different types of Digital Twins, and proposes a conceptual framework for designing and implementing Digital Twins. The framework comprises a control model based on a general systems approach and an implementation model for Digital Twin systems based on the Internet of Thingsβ€”Architecture (IoT-A), a reference architecture for IoT systems. The framework is applied to and validated in five smart farming use cases of the European IoF2020 project, focussing on arable farming, dairy farming, greenhouse horticulture, organic vegetable farming and livestock farming.
publications-3866 article 2021 Singh, Maulshree and Singh, Maulshree and Fuenmayor, Evert and Fuenmayor, Evert and Hinchy, Eoin P. and Hinchy, Eoin P. and Qiao, Yuansong and Qiao, Yuansong and Murray, Niall and Murray, Niall and Devine, Declan M. and Devine, Declan M. Digital Twin: Origin to Future 10.3390/asi4020036 Digital Twin (DT) refers to the virtual copy or model of any physical entity (physical twin) both of which are interconnected via exchange of data in real time. Conceptually, a DT mimics the state of its physical twin in real time and vice versa. Application of DT includes real-time monitoring, designing/planning, optimization, maintenance, remote access, etc. Its implementation is expected to grow exponentially in the coming decades. The advent of Industry 4.0 has brought complex industrial systems that are more autonomous, smart, and highly interconnected. These systems generate considerable amounts of data useful for several applications such as improving performance, predictive maintenance, training, etc. A sudden influx in the number of publications related to ‘Digital Twin’ has led to confusion between different terminologies related to the digitalization of industries. Another problem that has arisen due to the growing popularity of DT is a lack of consensus on the description of DT as well as so many different types of DT, which adds to the confusion. This paper intends to consolidate the different types of DT and different definitions of DT throughout the literature for easy identification of DT from the rest of the complimentary terms such as ‘product avatar’, ‘digital thread’, ‘digital model’, and ‘digital shadow’. The paper looks at the concept of DT since its inception to its predicted future to realize the value it can bring to certain sectors. Understanding the characteristics and types of DT while weighing its pros and cons is essential for any researcher, business, or sector before investing in the technology.
publications-3867 article 2021 Campos, Marcus André Siqueira and Campos, M. A. S. and Campos, Marcus André Siqueira and de Carvalho, Salvador and Carvalho, S. L. and Carvalho, Sofia Leão and Melo, Sandra Kurotusch and Melo, Sandra Kurotusch and Gonçalves, Giovanna Bueno Fernandes Reis and Goncalves Gbfr dos Santos, J. R. and Gonçalves, Giovanna Bueno Fernandes Reis and dos Santos, Jéssica Rodrigues and Barros, R. L. and dos Santos, Jéssica Rodrigues and Barros, Renata Lima and Morgado Utma Lopes, E. D. and Barros, Renata Lima and Morgado, Uiara Talitta Martins Araújo and Reis, R. P. A. and Morgado, Uiara Talitta Martins Araújo and da Silva Lopes, Estefane and da Silva Lopes, Estefane and Reis, Ricardo Prado Abreu and Reis, Ricardo Prado Abreu Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on water consumption behaviour Water supply 10.2166/ws.2021.160 Access to drinking water is essential for life, and an adequate and constant distribution of water is necessary during the occurrence of contagious diseases and pandemic situations. Currently, COVID-19, caused by the SARS-COV-2 coronavirus, has spread throughout the world, and in Brazil, more than 5,300,000 cases and 157,000 deaths had been reported by 26th October 2020. Water is regarded as one of the most important resources in a pandemic, in order to provide the necessary sanitary conditions. Thus, the present study aims to analyse changes in hygiene behaviour in relation to the recommendations of the World Health Organisation and the impact on water consumption before and during the pandemic. The survey was conducted using a questionnaire, which was delivered online to 149 participants between June and July 2020. The results pointed to changes in hygiene behaviour, with a consequent effect on water consumption.
publications-3868 article 2021 Irwin, Nicholas B. and Irwin, Nicholas B. and McCoy, Shawn J. and McCoy, Shawn J. and McDonough, Ian K. and McDonough, Ian K. Water in the time of corona(virus): The effect of stay-at-home orders on water demand in the desert Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 10.1016/j.jeem.2021.102491 Abstract In response to COVID-19, many U.S. states implemented stay-at-home orders to mitigate disease spread, causing radical changes across all facets of consumer behavior. In this paper, we explore how a stay-at-home (SAH) order impacted one aspect of behavior: the demand for water. Using a unique panel dataset of property-level water usage in Henderson, Nevada, we analyze changes in water usage from the SAH order, finding an initial and continuous decline in average daily usage for commercial and school users. In contrast, we find an initial increase in consumption by residential users with this effect increasing over time. Aggregated across all users, the SAH order led to an increase in net water usage between 32 and 59 million gallons over the first 30 days.
publications-3869 article 2021 Mashhadi, Neda and Mashhadi, Neda and Shahrour, Isam and Shahrour, Isam and Attoue, Nivine and Attoue, Nivine and Khattabi, Jamal El and Khattabi, Jamal El and Aljer, Ammar and Aljer, Ammar Use of Machine Learning for Leak Detection and Localization in Water Distribution Systems 10.3390/smartcities4040069 This paper presents an investigation of the capacity of machine learning methods (ML) to localize leakage in water distribution systems (WDS). This issue is critical because water leakage causes economic losses, damages to the surrounding infrastructures, and soil contamination. Progress in real-time monitoring of WDS and ML has created new opportunities to develop data-based methods for water leak localization. However, the managers of WDS need recommendations for the selection of the appropriate ML methods as well their practical use for leakage localization. This paper contributes to this issue through an investigation of the capacity of ML methods to localize leakage in WDS. The campus of Lille University was used as support for this research. The paper is presented as follows: First, flow and pressure data were determined using EPANET software; then, the generated data were used to investigate the capacity of six ML methods to localize water leakage. Finally, the results of the investigations were used for leakage localization from offline water flow data. The results showed excellent performance for leakage localization by the artificial neural network, logistic regression, and random forest, but there were low performances for the unsupervised methods because of overlapping clusters.
publications-3870 article 2021 Mauro, Anna Di and Mauro, A. Di and Santonastaso, Giovanni Francesco and Santonastaso, Giovanni Francesco and Venticinque, Salvatore and Venticinque, Salvatore and Nardo, Armando Di and Nardo, Armando Di and Nardo, A. Di Impact of COVID-19 emergency on residential water end-use consumption measured with a high-resolution IoT system Journal of Water Supply Research and Technology-aqua 10.2166/aqua.2021.088 In the era of Smart Cities, in which the paradigms of smart water and smart grid are keywords of technological progress, advancements in metering systems allow for water consumption data collection at the end-use level, which is necessary to profile users' behaviors and to promote sustainable use of water resources. In this paper, a real case study of residential water end-use consumption monitoring shows how data collected at a high-resolution rate allow for the evaluation of consumption profiles. The analysis was carried out by calculating consumption statistics, hourly consumption patterns, daily use frequency, and weekly use frequency. Then, the comparison of two consumption profiles, computed before and after the COVID-19 lockdown, allows us to understand how a change in social and economic factors can affect users' behavior. Finally, new perspectives for water demand modeling and management, based on data with high temporal frequency, are presented.