Scientific Results

This catalogue is obtained by conducting a systematic literature review of scientific studies and reviews related to monitoring, forecasting, and simulating the inland water cycle. The analysis maps scientific expertise across research groups and classifies findings by the type of inland water studied, application focus, and geographical scope. A gap analysis will identify missing research areas and assess their relevance to policymaking.

ID â–Č Type Year Authors Title Venue/Journal DOI Research type Water System Technical Focus Abstract Link with Projects Link with Tools Related policies ID
publications-881 PEER REVIEWED ARTICLE 2014 L. GaĂĄl , P. Molnar , J. Szolgay Selection of intense rainfall events based on intensity thresholds and lightning data in Switzerland 10.5194/hess-18-1561-2014 Uncategorized Wastewater Treatment Plants Abstract. This paper presents a method to identify intense warm season storms with convective character based on intensity thresholds and the presence of lightning, and analyzes their statistical properties. Long records of precipitation and lightning data at 4 stations and 10 min resolution in different climatological regions in Switzerland are used. Our premise is that thunderstorms associated with lightning generate bursts of high rainfall intensity. We divided all recorded storms into those accompanied by lightning and those without lightning and found the threshold I* that separates intense events based on peak 10 min intensity Ip ≄ I* for a chosen misclassification rate α. The performance and robustness of the selection method was tested by investigating the inter-annual variability of I* and its relation to the frequency of lightning strikes. The probability distributions of the main storm properties (rainfall depth R, event duration D, average storm intensity Ia and peak 10 min intensity Ip) for the intense storm subsets show that the event average and peak intensities are significantly different between the stations. Non-parametric correlations between the main storm properties were estimated for intense storms and all storms including stratiform rain. The differences in the correlations between storm subsets are greater than those between stations, which indicates that care must be exercised not to mix events of different origin when they are sampled for multivariate analysis, for example, copula fitting to rainfall data. 301953
publications-882 PEER REVIEWED ARTICLE 2015 P. Molnar , S. Fatichi , L. Gaál , J. Szolgay , P. Burlando Storm-type effects on super Clausius–Clapeyron scaling of intense rainstorm properties with air temperature 10.5194/hess-19-1753-2015 Uncategorized Natural Water Bodies Abstract. Extreme precipitation is thought to increase with warming at rates similar to or greater than the water vapour holding capacity of the air at ~ 7% °C−1, the so-called Clausius–Clapeyron (CC) rate. We present an empirical study of the variability in the rates of increase in precipitation intensity with air temperature using 30 years of 10 min and 1 h data from 59 stations in Switzerland. The analysis is conducted on storm events rather than fixed interval data, and divided into storm type subsets based on the presence of lightning which is expected to indicate convection. The average rates of increase in extremes (95th percentile) of mean event intensity computed from 10 min data are 6.5% °C−1 (no-lightning events), 8.9% °C−1 (lightning events) and 10.7% °C−1 (all events combined). For peak 10 min intensities during an event the rates are 6.9% °C−1 (no-lightning events), 9.3% °C−1 (lightning events) and 13.0% °C−1 (all events combined). Mixing of the two storm types exaggerates the relations to air temperature. Doubled CC rates reported by other studies are an exception in our data set, even in convective rain. The large spatial variability in scaling rates across Switzerland suggests that both local (orographic) and regional effects limit moisture supply and availability in Alpine environments, especially in mountain valleys. The estimated number of convective events has increased across Switzerland in the last 30 years, with 30% of the stations showing statistically significant changes. The changes in intense convective storms with higher temperatures may be relevant for hydrological risk connected with those events in the future. 301953
publications-883 PEER REVIEWED ARTICLE 2015 GĂŒnter Blöschl , Ladislav GaĂĄl , Julia Hall , Andrea Kiss , JĂŒrgen Komma , Thomas Nester , Juraj Parajka , Rui A. P. PerdigĂŁo , Lenka PlavcovĂĄ , Increasing river floods: fiction or reality? 10.1002/wat2.1079 Uncategorized Wastewater Treatment Plants There has been a surprisingly large number of major floods in the last years around the world, which suggests that floods may have increased and will continue to increase in the next decades. However, the realism of such changes is still hotly discussed in the literature. This overview article examines whether floods have changed in the past and explores the driving processes of such changes in the atmosphere, the catchments and the river system based on examples from Europe. Methods are reviewed for assessing whether floods may increase in the future. Accounting for feedbacks within the human‐water system is important when assessing flood changes over lead times of decades or centuries. It is argued that an integrated flood risk management approach is needed for dealing with future flood risk with a focus on reducing the vulnerability of the societal system. WIREs Water 2015, 2:329–344. doi: 10.1002/wat2.1079This article is categorized under: Science of Water > Water and Environmental Change Science of Water > Water Quality 301953
publications-884 PEER REVIEWED ARTICLE 2016 Ávila, C., Garfí, M., García, J. Influence of hydraulic loading rate, simulated storm events and seasonality on the treatment performance of an experimental three-stage hybrid constructed wetland system. 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.11.042 Predictive Analytics Wastewater Treatment Plants No abstract available 308336
publications-885 PEER REVIEWED ARTICLE 2015 U. Wehn Participation in flood risk management and the potential of citizen observatories: a governance analysis 10.1016/j.envsci.2014.12.017 Uncategorized Irrigation Systems No abstract available 308429
publications-886 PEER REVIEWED ARTICLE 2014 Leonardo Alfonso , Elena Ridolfi , Sandra Gaytan-Aguilar , Francesco Napolitano , Fabio Russo Ensemble Entropy for Monitoring Network Design 10.3390/e16031365 Uncategorized Uncategorized Information-theory provides, among others, conceptual methods to quantify the amount of information contained in single random variables and methods to quantify the amount of information contained and shared among two or more variables. Although these concepts have been successfully applied in hydrology and other fields, the evaluation of these quantities is sensitive to different assumptions in the estimation of probabilities. An example is the histogram bin size used to estimate probabilities to calculate Information Theory quantities via frequency methods. The present research aims at introducing a method to take into consideration the uncertainty coming from these parameters in the evaluation of the North Sea’s water level network. The main idea is that the entropy of a random variable can be represented as a probability distribution of possible values, instead of entropy being a deterministic value. The method consists of solving multiple scenarios of Multi-Objective Optimization Problem in which information content is maximized and redundancy is minimized. Results include probabilistic analysis of the chosen parameters on the resulting family of Pareto fronts, providing additional criteria on the selection of the final set of monitoring points. 308429
publications-887 PEER REVIEWED ARTICLE 2015 M. Mazzoleni, M. Verlaan, L. Alfonso, M. Monego, D. Norbiato, M. Ferri, and D. P. Solomatine Can assimilation of crowdsourced streamflow observations in hydrological modelling improve flood prediction? 10.5194/hessd-12-11371-2015 Hydrological modeling Irrigation Systems Abstract. Monitoring stations have been used for decades to properly measure hydrological variables and better predict floods. To this end, methods to incorporate such observations into mathematical water models have also being developed, including data assimilation. Besides, in recent years, the continued technological improvement has stimulated the spread of low-cost sensors that allow for employing crowdsourced and obtain observations of hydrological variables in a more distributed way than the classic static physical sensors allow. However, such measurements have the main disadvantage to have asynchronous arrival frequency and variable accuracy. For this reason, this study aims to demonstrate how the crowdsourced streamflow observations can improve flood prediction if integrated in hydrological models. Two different types of hydrological models, applied to two case studies, are considered. Realistic (albeit synthetic) streamflow observations are used to represent crowdsourced streamflow observations in both case studies. Overall, assimilation of such observations within the hydrological model results in a significant improvement, up to 21 % (flood event 1) and 67 % (flood event 2) of the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency index, for different lead times. It is found that the accuracy of the observations influences the model results more than the actual (irregular) moments in which the streamflow observations are assimilated into the hydrological models. This study demonstrates how networks of low-cost sensors can complement traditional networks of physical sensors and improve the accuracy of flood forecasting. 308429
publications-888 PEER REVIEWED ARTICLE Pankaj Kumar Roy, Ankita Konar , Gourab Banerjee , Somnath Paul , Asis Mazumdar And Ronjon Chakrabarti Development and hydraulic analysis of a proposed drinking water distribution network using WATERGEMS and GIS Uncategorized Natural Water Bodies No abstract available 308467
publications-889 PEER REVIEWED ARTICLE P.K.Roy, S.Mullick, S.Pal, G.Banerjee, R.Chakrabarti & A.Mazumdar Comparative study of Gravity Waste Water Network development with different load Pattern helps of Software modeling Uncategorized Natural Water Bodies No abstract available 308467
publications-890 PEER REVIEWED ARTICLE 2015 K. Twomey, L. C. Nagle, A. Said, F. Barry, V. I. Ogurtsov Characterisation of Nanoporous Gold for Use in a Dissolved Oxygen Sensing Application 10.1007/s12668-014-0161-6 Uncategorized Natural Water Bodies No abstract available 308467