| publications-4241 |
article |
2009 |
Jorgensen, Bradley S. and Jorgensen, Bradley S. and Graymore, Michelle and Graymore, Michelle and O’Toole, Kevin and O'Toole, Kevin |
Household water use behavior: an integrated model. |
Journal of Environmental Management |
10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.08.009 |
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| publications-4242 |
article |
2010 |
Herrera, Manuel and Herrera, Manuel and Torgo, LuΔ±Μs and Torgo, LuΓs and Izquierdo, JoaquΓn and Izquierdo, JoaquΓn and PΓ©rez-GarcΓa, Rafael and PΓ©rez-GarcΓa, Rafael |
Predictive models for forecasting hourly urban water demand |
Journal of Hydrology |
10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.04.005 |
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| publications-4243 |
article |
2010 |
Stewart, Rodney Anthony and Stewart, Rodney Anthony and Willis, Rachelle McDonald and Willis, Rachelle McDonald and Giurco, Damien and Giurco, Damien and Panuwatwanich, Kriengsak and Panuwatwanich, Kriengsak and Capati, G. and Capati, Guillermo |
Web-based knowledge management system: linking smart metering to the future of urban water planning |
Australian Planner |
10.1080/07293681003767769 |
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Abstract The planning of cities and the planning of their water supplies are intertwined. This paper explores the potential role of smart metering for the future of water planning and management in Australian cities. Smart meters for electricity are being rolled out nationally, and while smart meters for water are not yet being implemented at such a scale, they have the capacity to deliver increasing data to planners and residents about patterns of water use. To translate these data to useful information, a Web-Based Knowledge Management System (WBKMS) is proposed that integrates smart metering, end-use water consumption data, wireless communication networks and information management systems in order to provide real-time information on how, when and where water is being consumed for the consumer and utility. Summary data from the system will also be of interest to architects, developers and planners, seeking to understand water consumption patterns across stratified urban samples. An overview of the chal... |
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| publications-4244 |
article |
2012 |
Giustolisi, Orazio and Giustolisi, Orazio and Walski, Tom and Walski, Thomas M. |
Demand Components in Water Distribution Network Analysis |
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management |
10.1061/(asce)wr.1943-5452.0000187 |
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Solving water distribution network hydraulics depends to a great extent on demand representation in the related simulation models. The classical approach of simulation models for water distribution networks (WDNs) is described as demand-driven. The demands are fixed a priori in the model as an assumption or from field observations. Recently a more realist approach to predict the hydraulic system behavior, described as head/pressure-driven, better accounts for the fact that the demands depend in some ways on head status of the network. Thus, this paper presents a comprehensive view of demands in the enhanced WDN simulation models, including considerations of human- based, volume-based, uncontrolled orifice-based, and leakage-based demands as distinct types of network outflows. The paper proposes and discusses the representation of each type of demand in a comprehensive framework that is consistent with the hydraulic principles and the specific working condition. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000187. Β© 2012 American Society of Civil Engineers. CE Database subject headings: Water distribution systems; Water demand; Algorithms; Simulation models. Author keywords: Water distribution networks; Water demands; Water network simulation; Global gradient algorithm; Pressure-driven analysis; Head-driven analysis. |
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| publications-4245 |
article |
2012 |
Glaessgen, Edward H. and Glaessgen, Edward H. and Glaessgen, Edward H. and Stargel, David and Stargel, D. S. |
The Digital Twin Paradigm for Future NASA and U.S. Air Force Vehicles |
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10.2514/6.2012-1818 |
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Future generations of NASA and U.S. Air Force vehicles will require lighter mass while being subjected to higher loads and more extreme service conditions over longer time periods than the present generation. Current approaches for certification, fleet management and sustainment are largely based on statistical distributions of material properties, heuristic design philosophies, physical testing and assumed similitude between testing and operational conditions and will likely be unable to address these extreme requirements. To address the shortcomings of conventional approaches, a fundamental paradigm shift is needed. This paradigm shift, the Digital Twin, integrates ultra-high fidelity simulation with the vehicle s on-board integrated vehicle health management system, maintenance history and all available historical and fleet data to mirror the life of its flying twin and enable unprecedented levels of safety and reliability. |
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| publications-4246 |
article |
2013 |
Cole, Graham and Cole, Graham and Stewart, Rodney Anthony and Stewart, Rodney Anthony |
Smart meter enabled disaggregation of urban peak water demand: precursor to effective urban water planning |
Urban Water Journal |
10.1080/1573062x.2012.716446 |
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The implementation of a smart water metering system in Hervey Bay in 2006–2007 allowed the local water utility to record the hourly water consumption of all its customers. This data availability has enabled a large scale research project to proceed with the aim to disaggregate peak hour, peak day and peak month demand in the water distribution network into primary indoor usage (e.g. shower, washing machine, etc.) and irrigation components. Such information can guide the development of alternative tariff structures and other demand management initiatives aimed at reducing peak demand. This paper details results of the analyis of average hour, peak hour, peak day and peak month consumption data of 2884 residential customers selected from four District Metered Areas (DMAs) located in the city of Hervey Bay in Queensland, Australia. |
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| publications-4247 |
article |
2014 |
Nguyen, Khoi and Nguyen, Khoi Anh and Nguyen, Khoi and Nguyen, Khoi and Nguyen, Khoi Anh and Stewart, Rodney Anthony and Stewart, Rodney Anthony and Zhang, Hong and Zhang, Hong |
An autonomous and intelligent expert system for residential water end-use classification |
Expert Systems With Applications |
10.1016/j.eswa.2013.07.049 |
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Intelligent metering technology combined with advanced numerical techniques enable a paradigm shift in the current level of water consumption information provision that is available to the customer and the water business. The aim of this study was to develop an autonomous and intelligent system for residential water end-use classification that could interface with customers and water business managers via a user-friendly web-based application. Water flow data collected directly from smart water meters includes both single (e.g., a shower event occurring alone) and combined (i.e., an event that comprises several overlapping single events) water end use events. The authors recently developed intelligent algorithms to solve the complex problem of autonomously categorising residential water consumption data into a registry of single and combined events using a hybrid combination of techniques including Hidden Markov Model (HMM), Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) algorithm, time-of-day probability functions, threshold values and various physical features. However, the issue still remained, which is the focus of this current paper, on how to integrate self-learning functionality into the visioned expert system, in order that it can learn from newly collected datasets from different cities, regions and countries, to that collected for the training data. Such versatility and adaptive capacity is essential to make the expert system widely applicable. Through applying alternate forms of HMM and DTW in association with a frequency analysis technique, a suitable self-learning methodology was formulated and tested on three independent households located in Melbourne, Australia with a prediction accuracy of between 80\% and 90\% for the major end-use categories. The three principle flow data processing modules (i.e., single and combined event recognition and self-learning function) were integrated into a prototype software application for performing autonomous water end-use analysis and its functionality is presented in the latter sections of this paper. The developed expert system has profound implications for government, water businesses and consumers, seeking to better manage precious urban water resources. |
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| publications-4248 |
article |
1967 |
Howe, Charles W. and Howe, Charles W. and Linaweaver, F. Pierce and Linaweaver, F. P. |
The impact of price on residential water demand and its relation to system design and price structure |
Water Resources Research |
10.1029/wr003i001p00013 |
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This paper formulates models of residential water demand and estimates the relevant parameters from cross-sectional data. For the first time, it has been possible to differentiate not only between domestic (inside) and sprinkling uses but also among metered, flat-rate, septic tank, and apartment areas. The major findings are: (1) domestic demands are relatively inelastic with respect to price; (2) sprinkling demands are elastic with respect to price, but less so in the west than in the east; (3) maximum day sprinkling demands, so important to system design, are inelastic in the west but relatively elastic in the east. The findings indicate that the elasticity of total demand, which this and other studies have found to be about β’0.4, is a weighted average of the domestic and sprinkling elasticities. Longer term adjustments to price are empirically investigated, and the role of demand functions in pricing and system design is discussed. |
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| publications-4249 |
article |
2006 |
Berger, T. and Berger, Thomas and Birner, Regina and Birner, Regina and DΓaz, JosΓ© Carlos Losada and McCarthy, Nancy and McCarthy, Nancy and DΓaz, JosΓ© and Wittmer, Heidi and Wittmer, Heidi |
Capturing the complexity of water uses and water users within a multi-agent framework |
Water Resources Management |
10.1007/s11269-006-9045-z |
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Due to the hydrological and socio-economic complexity of water use within river basins and even sub-basins, it is a considerable challenge to manage water resources in an efficient, equitable and sustainable way. This paper shows that multi-agent simulation (MAS) is a promising approach to better understand the complexity of water uses and water users within sub-basins. This approach is especially suitable to take the collective action into account when simulating the outcome of technical innovation and policy change. A case study from Chile is used as an example to demonstrate the potential of the MAS framework. Chile has played a pioneering role in water policy reform by privatizing water rights and promoting trade in such rights, devolving irrigation management authority to user groups, and privatizing the provision of irrigation infrastructure. The paper describes the different components of a MAS model developed for four micro-watersheds in the Maule river basin. Preliminary results of simulation experiments are presented, which show the impacts of technical change and of informal rental markets on household income and water use efficiency. The paper also discusses how the collective action problems in water markets and in small-scale and large-scale infrastructure provision can be captured by the MAS model. To promote the use of the MAS approach for planning purposes, a collaborative research and learning framework has been established, with a recently created multi-stakeholder platform at the regional level (Comision Regional de Recursos Hidricos) as the major partner. Finally, the paper discusses the potentials of using MAS models for water resources management, such as increasing transparency as an aspect of good governance. The challenges, for example the need to build trust in the model, are discussed as well. |
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| publications-4250 |
article |
2008 |
Guan, Jiabao and Aral, Mustafa M. and Maslia, Morris L. and Maslia, Morris L. and Grayman, Walter M. |
Optimization Model and Algorithms for Design of Water Sensor Placement in Water Distribution Systems |
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10.1061/40941(247)103 |
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In this entry for the β€_x009c_Battle of the Water Sensor Networks (BWSN),β€_x009d_ the authors develop a closed-loop algorithmic process for the optimal design of water sensor placement in waterdistribution systems. The proposed solution, the simulation-optimization methodology, focuses on the relation between the input and output of the water-distribution system and not on the topological structure of the system. The proposed model is based on a single objective function approach as opposed to a multi-objective case. However, unlike conventional single objective models, the proposed objective function incorporates multiple factors such as time of detection, contaminated water volume, population affected, and reliability of the optimal systemβ€”in this sense it mimics a multi-objective approach. An improved genetic algorithm is proposed for the solution of the model. The algorithm works on a subset of the complete set of junctions present in the system (junction subdomain) and the final solution is obtained through the evolution of subdomains. The proposed algorithm is applied to two test networks submitted by the BWSN committee. The results indicate that the proposed model is effective in solving this problem. |
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