Scientific Results

This catalogue is obtained by conducting a systematic literature review of scientific studies and reviews related to monitoring, forecasting, and simulating the inland water cycle. The analysis maps scientific expertise across research groups and classifies findings by the type of inland water studied, application focus, and geographical scope. A gap analysis will identify missing research areas and assess their relevance to policymaking.

ID ▲	Type	Year	Authors	Title	Venue/Journal	DOI	Abstract
publications-3701	article	2017	Wu, Yipeng and Wu, Yipeng and Liu, Shuming and Liu, Shuming	A review of data-driven approaches for burst detection in water distribution systems	Urban Water Journal	10.1080/1573062x.2017.1279191	AbstractThis study focuses on data-driven approaches for burst detection and classifies them into three categories: classification method, prediction-classification method and statistical method. The performance of these methods is discussed. By analysing uncertainty in burst detection, this paper revealed that non-stationary monitoring data and limitations present in these methods challenge the reliability of detection results. Data pre-processing and probabilistic solutions to deal with the uncertainty are summarised. From these findings and discussions, this paper concludes and recommends that: a) data-driven approaches are promising in real-life burst detection and reducing false alarms is an important issue; b) more comprehensive performance evaluation might be necessary, in particular regarding detectable burst size; c) further research on new methods employing multivariate analysis and a new category based on clustering analysis would be beneficial to tackle uncertainty; d) more focus on the use of...
publications-3702	article	2017	Negri, Elisa and Negri, Elisa and Fumagalli, Luca and Fumagalli, Luca and Macchi, Marco and Macchi, Marco	A Review of the Roles of Digital Twin in CPS-based Production Systems	Procedia Manufacturing	10.1016/j.promfg.2017.07.198	Abstract The Digital Twin (DT) is one of the main concepts associated to the Industry 4.0 wave. This term is more and more used in industry and research initiatives; however, the scientific literature does not provide a unique definition of this concept. The paper aims at analyzing the definitions of the DT concept in scientific literature, retracing it from the initial conceptualization in the aerospace field, to the most recent interpretations in the manufacturing domain and more specifically in Industry 4.0 and smart manufacturing research. DT provides virtual representations of systems along their lifecycle. Optimizations and decisions making would then rely on the same data that are updated in real-time with the physical system, through synchronization enabled by sensors. The paper also proposes the definition of DT for Industry 4.0 manufacturing, elaborated by the European H2020 project MAYA, as a contribution to the research discussion about DT concept.
publications-3703	article	2017	Adedeji, Kazeem B. and Adedeji, Kazeem B. and Hamam, Yskandar and Hamam, Yskandar and Abe, Bolanle Tolulope and Abe, B. T. and Abe, Bolanle Tolulope and Abuβ€Mahfouz, Adnan M. and Abu-Mahfouz, Adnan M.	Leakage Detection and Estimation Algorithm for Loss Reduction in Water Piping Networks	Water	10.3390/w9100773	Water loss through leaking pipes constitutes a major challenge to the operational service of water utilities. In recent years, increasing concern about the financial loss and environmental pollution caused by leaking pipes has been driving the development of efficient algorithms for detecting leakage in water piping networks. Water distribution networks (WDNs) are disperse in nature with numerous number of nodes and branches. Consequently, identifying the segment(s) of the network and the exact leaking pipelines connected to this segment(s) where higher background leakage outflow occurs is a challenging task. Background leakage concerns the outflow from small cracks or deteriorated joints. In addition, because they are diffuse flow, they are not characterised by quick pressure drop and are not detectable by measuring instruments. Consequently, they go unreported for a long period of time posing a threat to water loss volume. Most of the existing research focuses on the detection and localisation of burst type leakages which are characterised by a sudden pressure drop. In this work, an algorithm for detecting and estimating background leakage in water distribution networks is presented. The algorithm integrates a leakage model into a classical WDN hydraulic model for solving the network leakage flows. The applicability of the developed algorithm is demonstrated on two different water networks. The results of the tested networks are discussed and the solutions obtained show the benefits of the proposed algorithm. A noteworthy evidence is that the algorithm permits the detection of critical segments or pipes of the network experiencing higher leakage outflow and indicates the probable pipes of the network where pressure control can be performed. However, the possible position of pressure control elements along such critical pipes will be addressed in future work.
publications-3704	article	2018	Shafiee, M. Ehsan and Shafiee, M. Ehsan and Barker, Zachary and Barker, Zachary and Barker, Zachary A. and Rasekh, Amin and Rasekh, Amin	Enhancing water system models by integrating big data	Sustainable Cities and Society	10.1016/j.scs.2017.11.042
publications-3705	article	2019	Zheng, Yu and Zheng, Yu and Yang, Sen and Yang, Sen and Cheng, Huanchong and Cheng, Huanchong	An application framework of digital twin and its case study	Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing	10.1007/s12652-018-0911-3	With the rapid development of virtual technology and data acquisition technology, digital twin (DT) technology was proposed and gradually become one of the key research directions of intelligent manufacturing. However, the research of DT for product life cycle management is still in the theoretical stage, the application framework and application methods are not clear, and the lack of referable application cases is also a problem. In this paper, the related research and application of DT technology are systematically studied. Then the concept and characteristics of DT are interpreted from both broad sense and narrow sense. On this basis, an application framework of DT for product lifecycle management is proposed. In physical space, the total-elements information perception technology of production is discussed in detail. In the information processing layer, three main function modules, including data storage, data processing and data mapping, are constructed. In virtual space, this paper describes the implementation process of full parametric virtual modeling and the construction idea for DT application subsystems. At last, a DT case of a welding production line is built and studied. Meanwhile, the implementation scheme, application process and effect of this case are detail described to provide reference for enterprises.
publications-3706	article	2018	Kritzinger, Werner and Kritzinger, Werner and Kritzinger, Werner and Karner, Matthias and Karner, Matthias and Traar, Georg and Traar, Georg and Henjes, Jan and Henjes, Jan and Sihn, Wilfried and Sihn, Wilfried	Digital Twin in manufacturing: A categorical literature review and classification	IFAC-PapersOnLine	10.1016/j.ifacol.2018.08.474	Abstract The Digital Twin (DT) is commonly known as a key enabler for the digital transformation, however, in literature is no common understanding concerning this term. It is used slightly different over the disparate disciplines. The aim of this paper is to provide a categorical literature review of the DT in manufacturing and to classify existing publication according to their level of integration of the DT. Therefore, it is distinct between Digital Model (DM), Digital Shadow (DS) and Digital Twin. The results are showing, that literature concerning the highest development stage, the DT, is scarce, whilst there is more literature about DM and DS.
publications-3707	article	2019	Kandiah, Venu and Kandiah, Venu K. and Berglund, Emily Zechman and Berglund, Emily Zechman and Binder, Andrew R. and Binder, Andrew R.	An agent-based modeling approach to project adoption of water reuse and evaluate expansion plans within a sociotechnical water infrastructure system	Sustainable Cities and Society	10.1016/j.scs.2018.12.040	Abstract The introduction of water reuse infrastructure into an existing water supply system is a complex sociotechnical process. For a dual reticulation program, infrastructure designs affect adoption, as the expansion of infrastructure defines when a household can adopt and become active in communicating about water reuse. This research develops a coupled framework to capture the dynamics among consumer adoption and infrastructure expansion. An agent-based modeling approach is used to simulate opinion dynamics within a risk publics framework, which is based on the social amplification of risk and captures changes in perceptions about the risks and benefits of water reuse. The model is applied to simulate and project adoption of water reuse for the Town of Cary, North Carolina, using data about new water reclamation accounts and plans for infrastructure expansion. Performance of the agent-based model is compared with a cellular automata model for simulating historic data. Alternative infrastructure expansion schedules are simulated using the agent-based model to evaluate potable water savings and utilization of reclaimed water capacity, based on adoption projections. The framework provides a sociotechnical approach to evaluate development plans for infrastructure systems that rely on adoption of infrastructure-dependent technologies.
publications-3708	article	2020	Strickling, Hayden Leland and Strickling, Hayden and DiCarlo, Morgan and DiCarlo, Morgan Faye and Shafiee, M. Ehsan and Shafiee, M. Ehsan and Berglund, Emily Zechman and Berglund, Emily Zechman	Simulation of containment and wireless emergency alerts within targeted pressure zones for water contamination management	Sustainable Cities and Society	10.1016/j.scs.2019.101820
publications-3709	article	2019	Makropoulos, Christos and Makropoulos, Christos and SaviΔ‡, Dragan and Savic, Dragan	Urban Hydroinformatics: Past, Present and Future	Water	10.3390/w11101959	Hydroinformatics, as an interdisciplinary domain that blurs boundaries between water science, data science and computer science, is constantly evolving and reinventing itself. At the heart of this evolution, lies a continuous process of critical (self) appraisal of the disciplineβ€™s past, present and potential for further evolution, that creates a positive feedback loop between legacy, reality and aspirations. The power of this process is attested by the successful story of hydroinformatics thus far, which has arguably been able to mobilize wide ranging research and development and get the water sector more in tune with the digital revolution of the past 30 years. In this context, this paper attempts to trace the evolution of the discipline, from its computational hydraulics origins to its present focus on the complete socio-technical system, by providing at the same time, a functional framework to improve the understanding and highlight the links between different strands of the state-of-art hydroinformatic research and innovation. Building on this state-of-art landscape, the paper then attempts to provide an overview of key developments that are coming up, on the disciplineβ€™s horizon, focusing on developments relevant to urban water management, while at the same time, highlighting important legal, ethical and technical challenges that need to be addressed to ensure that the brightest aspects of this potential future are realized. Despite obvious limitations imposed by a single paperβ€™s ability to report on such a diverse and dynamic field, it is hoped that this work contributes to a better understanding of both the current state of hydroinformatics and to a shared vision on the most exciting prospects for the future evolution of the discipline and the water sector it serves.
publications-3710	article	2020	Pesantez, Jorge E. and Pesantez, Jorge E. and Berglund, Emily Zechman and Berglund, Emily Zechman and Kaza, Nikhil and Kaza, Nikhil	Smart meters data for modeling and forecasting water demand at the user-level	Environmental Modelling and Software	10.1016/j.envsoft.2020.104633