Scientific Results

This catalogue is obtained by conducting a systematic literature review of scientific studies and reviews related to monitoring, forecasting, and simulating the inland water cycle. The analysis maps scientific expertise across research groups and classifies findings by the type of inland water studied, application focus, and geographical scope. A gap analysis will identify missing research areas and assess their relevance to policymaking.

ID â–² Type Year Authors Title Venue/Journal DOI Research type Water System Technical Focus Abstract Link with Projects Link with Tools Related policies ID
publications-5121 Conference paper 2023 Yang J.; Chen M.; Cao G. System Design of 3D LiDAR-based Underground Integrated Pipeline Corridor Inspection Robot for Positioning and Map Building Proceedings of the 6th IEEE Eurasian Conference on Educational Innovation 2023: Educational Innovations and Emerging Technologies, ECEI 2023 10.1109/ECEI57668.2023.10105314 Urban underground integrated pipe corridor is used for the water, electricity, gas, communications, and other pipelines into the underground space to effectively alleviate road traffic congestion, urban construction infrastructure, and other problems. After the completion of the corridor, the corridor inspection is a huge problem, as the underground space is complex and difficult to locate. For the need to detect the concentration of toxic and harmful gases inside the corridor, it is difficult to ensure the safety of the lives of the underground staff. With the development of artificial intelligence and digital twin, the corridor inspection robot gradually becomes the "perfect candidate" for inspection work. Thus, we present a system design of 3D LIDAR-based robot positioning and map building underground where GPS is not available. Β© 2023 IEEE.
publications-5122 Conference paper 2023 Cao S.; Chen Y. A DIGITAL TWIN DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK FOR A SMART SALTWATER GREENHOUSE Proceedings of the ASME Design Engineering Technical Conference 10.1115/DETC2023-116343 Agriculture in arid areas is often limited by the scarcity of fresh water and increasing soil salinization problems. A saltwater greenhouse that uses salty water instead of fresh water is a promising solution for agriculture in such areas. When used in agriculture irrigation tail water processing, the salt-water greenhouse can be an effective tool for salt extraction which is an important means to mitigate the salinity accumulation problem. However, to optimize greenhouse production and energy efficiency, it is essential to incorporate smartness into the system using existing developments in AI/ML, big data, cloud/edge computing, etc. Therefore, developing a smart saltwater greenhouse leveraging these emerging, cutting edge and groundbreaking technologies becomes a center objective of today’s greenhouse development in general and saltwater greenhouse in particular. In this overview framework paper, we present a Digital Twin development framework for a smart saltwater greenhouse. First, the background of the saltwater greenhouse project is introduced together with the basic concept of smart systems and Digital Twins. The greenhouse control system is introduced with a Digital Twin in mind. We then propose the DT development framework dedicated to the saltwater greenhouse. A five-step DT development framework is reviewed and those new smartness features that could be enabled by using DT are also explained. Finally, we conclude the DT framework with some future research efforts. Copyright © 2023 by ASME.
publications-5123 Conference paper 2023 Walshire L.A.; Gonzalez M.E.; Lillycrop J.; Seamster E.; Winters K.E. Water Resources Infrastructure Digital Twins: Design, Development, and Future Efforts Geotechnical Special Publication 10.1061/9780784484692.041 The US Army Corps of Engineers is developing and demonstrating the digital twin concept for flood risk management projects. Digital twins are being demonstrated beginning September 2022 at two flood control dams using existing technologies. A digital twin is a virtual representation of physical assets, processes, people, places, systems, and devices that provides both the elements and the dynamics of how the system operates and lives throughout its life cycle. Digital twins integrate data, artificial intelligence, machine learning, and software analytics with spatial networking to create living digital simulation models that update as their physical counterpart changes. A baseline framework was established for implementation of version 1.0 digital twins. Version 1.0 of the digital twins is focused on producing facility-specific decision-support information identified by dam facility personnel. These two systems will reveal best practices and result in information technology (IT) products that are scalable, expandable, and reusable for many other infrastructure types. The major components of this effort are the IT system framework, remote sensing and spatial data, user interface and visualization, and performance prediction and risk analytics. This paper describes the digital twin system design, the current system framework, the status of the efforts, lessons learned, and future research needs to effectively implement digital twins. Β© 2023 American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE). All rights reserved.
publications-5124 Conference paper 2023 Zhou H. Enhanced Storm Surge Forecasting Model for Digital Twin Watershed Applications of Ningbo 2023 11th International Conference on Agro-Geoinformatics, Agro-Geoinformatics 2023 10.1109/Agro-Geoinformatics59224.2023.10233571 The Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China proposed to promote the construction of digital twin in the river basin nationwide recently, aiming at improving the ability of flood and drought disaster prevention and decision support. It is the core of intelligent water conservancy system which has the function of 'four pre' (forecast, early warning, simulation preview, prevention plan). Ningbo which locates in the east of China, always suffered a lot every year from both flood and tide which cause by typhoon in the month of July to September. In order to support the construction of digital twin watershed applications, it is necessary to enhance storm surge forecasting model. The improvement of the accuracy of storm surge forecasting, calculation granularity and calculation domain are proposed to adapt to the early warning and forecasting of marine disasters in the basin. Therefore, the new model which based on the ADCIRC mode is extended its border. The coastline and topography are also updated by using the latest collected data, and the key bank sections are encrypted. The computational domain of the model is discretized by unstructured triangular meshes, and the minimum unit length deceased from 200m to 50m. Furthermore, hybrid model for short-term prediction of tide level in estuary based on LSTM and nonstationary harmonic analysis is also adapted to real-time correction of forecasting. And super-computing in cloud is applicated. The result shows that the enhanced storm surge forecasting model could be used in the applications of digital twin watershed. Β© 2023 IEEE.
publications-5125 Conference paper 2023 Pawlik M.; Rudolph T.; Bernsdorf B. Analysis of changes of the vegetation condition on the area of the closed Prosper-Haniel mine in 1984-2021 using multispectral satellite images IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 10.1088/1755-1315/1189/1/012022 Mining processes have a significant impact on the surrounding environment even after the exploitation has ceased. Today a continuous monitoring of post-mining processes in the areas of water management, vegetation and air pollution is important. In the project "Digital Twin - Integrated Geomonitoring"funded by the RAG Stiftung (no.20-0013) and carried out in cooperation with the Geological Survey of North-Rhine Westphalia, scientists are investigating the possibilities of integrating and fusing data from multiple sources (mining and geological maps, in-situ measurements, drone flights and satellite missions). The goal is to understand the causes and phenomena occurring on the Earth's surface and thus to generate a process understanding. The key issue of this project is geo-monitoring of the environment in mining areas using vegetation indicators. This paper presents an analysis of the vegetation health of the cover for the period 1984-2021 using selected remote sensing indicators: NDVI, GNDVI, SAVI, MSAVI, NDWI and MNDWI. The studies indicate the possibility of long-term spatial-temporal observations of a selected test area in order to observe the impact of post-mining processes in the area of the closed Prosper-Haniel mine. Β© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.
publications-5126 Book chapter 2023 Yadav S.; Dar A.A.; Dhumane P.; Keshao D.K. The convergence of digital twin, Internet of Things, and artificial intelligence: digital smart farming Digital Twin for Smart Manufacturing 10.1016/B978-0-323-99205-3.00007-9 An agricultural digital twin is presented in this research using technologies from the Sensing Change and Smart Water Management Platform (SWAMP) projects. Unlike the Sensing Change project, which created a soil probe, an Internet of Things is now being developed by the SWAMP project. After our research, we come to the conclusion that our system is capable of collecting data from the soil probe and displaying it on a dashboard, allowing for the deployment of additional soil probes as well as other monitoring and controlling devices to create a fully functional digital twin. Β© 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
publications-5127 Conference paper 2023 Zhou M.; Li T.; Espeland M.; Van Wolfswinkel O.; Havre K. Digital Twin Provides Virtual Multiphase Flow Metering and Leak Detection to Deepwater Operations for Operational Decision Making on Liwan Field Proceedings of the Annual Offshore Technology Conference 10.4043/32263-MS This paper presents lessons learned over eight years of using the first digital twin in the South China Sea by Cenovus Energy and China National Oil Company (CNOOC) on the Liwan Field. The digital twin provides a collaboration platform for integrated operations and is based on dynamic multi-phase flow simulation models for wells, flowlines and slug catchers, coupled to live field measurements. One of the main objectives of the digital twin is to provide continuous real-time virtual instrumentation, as well as aggregated information related to flow assurance and integrity management with a novel multidimensional model-based leak detection workflow. The digital twin workflows enable operators to better prepare and respond to planned and unplanned events in the field and to analyze and optimize performance of the field, in combination with a data analytics tool. Subsea wet gas flow meters (WGFM) in the field initially provided flow rate information to deep water operations in line with the operational strategy. After one year in production, a reduction in WGFM performance was observed. A mitigation strategy was developed to use the digital twin flow rate calculations combined with the remaining WGFMs for improved operational decision making. Β© 2023, Offshore Technology Conference.
publications-5128 Conference paper 2023 Hiroi K.; Kohiga A.; Fukaya S.; Shinoda Y. An Orchestrator Framework for IoT-Based Disaster Prevention Simulation Proceedings of IEEE Sensors 10.1109/SENSORS56945.2023.10325055 Human casualties from flooding are caused by various factors, such as damage caused by flood water, delays in evacuation due to road flooding or communication network failures, or accidents during evacuation. However, conventional simulations (e.g., river flooding, road flooding, and communication failures) are developed as proprietary systems, and it is difficult to use them to estimate and predict phenomena or casualties related to flood damage. This paper proposes an orchestrator framework for IoT-based disaster prevention simulation, which simulates urban flooding, numbers of affected people, and network failures in an integrated manner. We develop an orchestration scheme that coordinates several independent simulators into one simulation to observe mutually related phenomena (e.g., evacuation behavior in a flood simulation). Our orchestration scheme deploys the simulators, data exchange system, and virtual clock system on a Kubernetes cluster and controls the synchronization and execution order of these simulators. We describe our orchestration scheme architecture, automatic determination of the execution order, and detection of misconfigurations for the continuous operation of multiple simulators. Β© 2023 IEEE.
publications-5129 Book chapter 2023 Kropaczek D.J.; Badalassi V.; Jain P.K.; Ramuhalli P.; Pointer W.D. Digital Twins for Nuclear Power Plants and Facilities The Digital Twin 10.1007/978-3-031-21343-4_31 The nuclear digital twin (DT) is the virtual representation of a nuclear energy system across its lifecycle. The nuclear DT uses real-time information and other data sources to improve the process of design, licensing, construction, security, O&M, decommissioning, and waste disposal. By leveraging the knowledge base and experience from the past 40 years of LWR operation, the nuclear DT is helping to accelerate the development and deployment of advanced nuclear technology in areas of passive safety, new fuel forms, instrumentation, and reactor control. For the currently operating nuclear fleet, DTs are reducing the operational risks, increasing plant availability, increasing energy capability, and reducing electricity production costs. For advanced fission and fusion reactors, DTs are being used to design for passive safety and built-in security-by-design. Rapidly deployable small modular reactor (SMR) and microreactor designs compatible with modular construction techniques and advanced manufacturing will be the new normal, reducing the need for large capital expenditures and compressing construction schedules. In addition, lower operational and maintenance costs will be realized by reducing the complexity of operations, staffing needs, and maintenance-related activities. Β© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023.
publications-5130 Article 2023 Katulic F.; Sumina D.; Gros S.; Erceg I. Protecting Modbus/TCP-Based Industrial Automation and Control Systems Using Message Authentication Codes IEEE Access 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3275443 Critical infrastructure (CI), such as energy and water distribution systems, is essential for the stability and well-being of the modern society. Industrial automation and control systems (IACSs) form the backbone of CIs and enable the operation of such systems in a safe and reliable manner. However, with the increasing use of industrial Ethernet communication protocols, such as Modbus-over-TCP (Modbus/TCP), once air-gapped IACSs are becoming vulnerable to potential cybersecurity threats. This paper presents a novel method for enhancing the cybersecurity of Modbus/TCP-based IACSs by implementing an authentication method based on message authentication codes (MACs). To provide partial protection of communication even when communicating with legacy Modbus/TCP peers, we propose a novel supervising device that analyzes exchanged messages and verifies the authenticity of the protected messages. To experimentally verify the protection method, a water-treatment cyber-physical system (CPS) was implemented as a digital twin in a programmable logic controller (PLC). The underlying MAC is the Chaskey-12, lightweight MAC defined in IEC 29192-6. It was implemented in the PLC program using the programming languages defined in IEC 61131-3. As an additional contribution, the presented implementation allows protection of communication between PLCs and other Modbus/TCP peers installed in existing IACSs without hardware or firmware modifications. The results show that the method provides protection against network attacks without significantly affecting performance, also demonstrating the feasibility of such protection in IACSs. Β© 2013 IEEE.