| publications-4931 |
Conference paper |
2024 |
Rivas-Moscoso J.M.; Melgar A.; Poti L.; Krilakis K.; Velasco L.; Bahrani S.; Moreolo M.S.; Monroy I.T.; Nguyen P.; Ruiz M.; Syvridis D.K.; Mandilara A.; Pagano A.; Morales J.; Pastor A.; Nejabati R.; Wang R.; Goki P.N.; Sanchez-Macian A.; Civelli S.; Rommel S.; Garcia C.R.; Iqbal M.; Oliveira R.; Hernandez-Hernandez J.C.; Larrabeiti D.; Folgueira J. |
A Security Plane Architecture for Ultra-Low-Energy, High-Capacity Optical Transport Networks |
Proceedings - 2024 International Conference on Quantum Communications, Networking, and Computing, QCNC 2024 |
10.1109/QCNC62729.2024.00044 |
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The evolution toward agile, ultra-low-energy, high-capacity optical transport networks can benefit from solutions incorporating multi-band, multi-fiber, and point-to-multipoint (P2MP)/sliceable high-capacity transport technologies carefully designed to simplify network hierarchy and minimize optical-electrical-optical (OED) conversions. To guarantee quantum-secure communications, these networks require a thorough reassessment of their security plane architecture, acting as a transversal plane to the data and control planes. In this paper, we propose a programmable Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) network built upon multi-protocol QKD systems, including entangled QKD for P2MP secure access/metro scenarios, Quantum Random Key Generation (QRNG) modules as alternative entropy sources for links where QKD system deployment is not economically viable, and hybrid classic/QKD/Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) primitives for greater flexibility and backward compatibility. Authentication services are performed through physically-unclonable-function (PUF) certification authorities, particularly implementing strong Rayleigh-backscattering-pattern or speckle-pattern-based optical Physically Unclonable Functions (OP-UFs). These security technologies leverage on agnostic key management system (KMS) and quantum digital twin (QDT) assisted performance optimization, e.g. for artificial intelligence (AI)-based State of Polarization (SOP) compensation. Key relay between border nodes is realized by means of a combination of a centralized PUF and a procedure to securely exchange keys between KMSs based on ETSI-014 and PQC. The KMS can feed keys to encryptors implemented at the different data-plane layers, but the proposed architecture favors encryption relying on physical-layer security techniques to align with the above design principle aimed at a flatter network and fewer OEO conversions. Examples of this are Light Path SECurity (LPSec) techniques, consisting of two nested physical ciphers ensuring a high-security level, and all-optical steganography. Coexistence of classical and quantum signals is generally feasible in the access and metro segments, whereas in the backbone segment it needs to be evaluated on a case-by-case basis. Β© 2024 IEEE. |
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| publications-4932 |
Article |
2024 |
Piccolroaz S.; Zhu S.; Ladwig R.; Carrea L.; Oliver S.; Piotrowski A.P.; Ptak M.; Shinohara R.; Sojka M.; Woolway R.I.; Zhu D.Z. |
Lake Water Temperature Modeling in an Era of Climate Change: Data Sources, Models, and Future Prospects |
Reviews of Geophysics |
10.1029/2023RG000816 |
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Lake thermal dynamics have been considerably impacted by climate change, with potential adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems. To better understand the potential impacts of future climate change on lake thermal dynamics and related processes, the use of mathematical models is essential. In this study, we provide a comprehensive review of lake water temperature modeling. We begin by discussing the physical concepts that regulate thermal dynamics in lakes, which serve as a primer for the description of process-based models. We then provide an overview of different sources of observational water temperature data, including in situ monitoring and satellite Earth observations, used in the field of lake water temperature modeling. We classify and review the various lake water temperature models available, and then discuss model performance, including commonly used performance metrics and optimization methods. Finally, we analyze emerging modeling approaches, including forecasting, digital twins, combining process-based modeling with deep learning, evaluating structural model differences through ensemble modeling, adapted water management, and coupling of climate and lake models. This review is aimed at a diverse group of professionals working in the fields of limnology and hydrology, including ecologists, biologists, physicists, engineers, and remote sensing researchers from the private and public sectors who are interested in understanding lake water temperature modeling and its potential applications. Β© 2024. The Authors. |
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| publications-4933 |
Article |
2024 |
Li Y.; Huang S.; Zang W.; Gao Z. |
Discussion on flood control application technology of digital twin basin based on virtual geographic environment; [ε_x009f_ΊδΊ_x008e_θ™_x009a_ζ‹_x009f_ε_x009c_°η†η_x008e_―εΆƒη_x009a_„ζ•°ε—εη”_x009f_ζµε_x009f__x009f_ι²ζ΄εΊ”用ζ_x008a_€ζ_x009c_―ζ_x008e_Άθ®¨] |
National Remote Sensing Bulletin |
10.11834/jrs.20233022 |
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Flood control is the main application field of the digital twin basin. The application of flood control in the digital twin basin not only needs to express the natural elements in the basin scientifically but also must describe the characteristics of human activities. Virtual geographic environment integrates natural elements and human elements, focuses on building an immersive experimental and cognitive environment, and provides a new perspective and method for the modeling of man-land relationship, flood scene expression, and risk cognition in the digital twin basin flood control. This article takes the application of digital twin watershed flood control as research field and proposes a four-layer technical framework for digital twin watershed flood control based on virtual geographic environment. The resource layer covers the hardware resources involved in data acquisition, storage, and calculation in the digital twin watershed flood control application, and realizes unified storage from global watershed feature awareness to data baseboard framework. The data layer provides the relevant data foundation for digital twin flood control applications, including four categories of data: basic data, business data, monitoring data, and geographic data. It also provides the twin layer with the necessary data service support through the steps of data resource extraction, aggregation, cleaning, conversion, and governance. The twin layer is the core of the technical framework, reflecting the interactive mapping between the model watershed and the real watershed. Model watersheds focus on building water models and human-land relationship models. Based on the natural laws of the water cycle, mathematical language and methods are used to describe the changes in the elements of a real watershed, reflecting the laws of human activity and the correlation between human activities and the natural elements of the watershed. Real watersheds lead the construction of digital twin watersheds, upgrade traditional monitoring systems, enhance automatic monitoring and computational feedback control of digital twin watersheds, and support flood control construction and management of watersheds. The application layer is based on the main idea of virtual geographic environment, relying on wearable technology, eye movements, gestures, brain wave, large screens, digital sand tables, and other devices to provide a multiuser, touchable, interactive, and scene-responsive digital twin watershed environment. On this basis, theβ€_x009c_four preβ€_x009d_application of digital twin watershed flood control is conducted. Subsequently, the paper elaborates on key technologies such as digital watershed scene construction, digital watershed state synchronization, flood spatiotemporal process modeling and experiment, human-land relationship modeling, and flood scene expression and risk perception, and looks forward to the future development of VR/AR applications in digital twin watersheds and public participation in flood control. The research trend of virtual geographic environment in digital twin river basin flood control can be summarized as follows: further developing relevant disciplines such as geographic human-land relationship, geographic spatial cognition, and behavioral geography; constructing an immersive flood evacuation spatial cognitive environment that allows participants to obtain real-time, authentic, and rich environmental information for interdisciplinary research; and conducting cognitive experiment activities with public participation. Β© 2024 Science Press. All rights reserved. |
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| publications-4934 |
Conference paper |
2024 |
Brasil J.A.T.; Giacomoni M.H.; Papagiannakis A.T.; Johnson D.; Mohagheghpour V.; Tupas C.; Mendiondo E.M. |
Assessment of LID Performance through Integration of Permeable Pavements with Digital Twins |
World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2024: Climate Change Impacts on the World We Live In - Proceedings of the World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2024 |
10.1061/9780784485477.022 |
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Urbanization is responsible for the alteration of the hydrologic flow regime, which, associated with the increase in frequency and intensity of storms caused by climate change, threatens the sustainability of urban stormwater systems. Low impact development (LID) are stormwater control measures designed to alleviate the impacts of urbanization and climate change by restoring the pre-development hydrologic characteristics of urban watersheds. More recent advancements in computation, communication, and sensing offer the opportunity for LID stormwater control measures to be monitored in real time with high-resolution data, which objectively assesses how the systems are performing. To achieve this goal, this study showcases a scalable, cost-effective monitoring framework suitable for the concept of digital twins, which are digital representations of systems states in real time. Such a framework has several benefits, including forecast and feedback for real-time operations. The proposed methodology uses ESP32 microcontrollers and open-source software for data collection, transmission, and analysis, such as data validation and sensor error detection. The study explores the integration of digital twins with four permeable pavement LID parking lots located on top of the Edwards Aquifer's recharge zone, a major water source for South-Central Texas. The findings suggest that the LID control measures integrated with the digital twin framework can enhance systems operation, paving the way for smarter, more sustainable urban stormwater systems. Β© 2024 ASCE. |
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| publications-4935 |
Conference paper |
2024 |
Zhao Y.; Zeng W.; Ni Y.; Xia P.; Tan R. |
Research and Design of Hydrological Data Visualization Based on Digital Twin |
Communications in Computer and Information Science |
10.1007/978-981-97-1277-9_21 |
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In the context of digital transformation, cities and enterprises are striving to build a digital industrial chain, cultivate a digital ecosystem, and support high-quality economic development. Therefore, the use of visualization technology to assist decision-makers in rational planning has become a hot spot. Taking wuhan city as an example, combined with 3D modeling technology, it is aimed at smart cities and based on digital twins to create multiple scenarios for hydrological data application services and improve hydrological information services. First, we collected the data released by the china hydrology and water resources station; then, we visualized the hydrological data of the yangtze river Hankou station by using methods such as view juxtaposition and 3D interaction; after that, we constructed a 3D scene based on the real scene of the yangtze river Hankou basin, and used algorithms to the water body model is optimized; finally, the interaction between data and scenes is designed, various functions are realized by using high-level programming language design, and the water level changes in the flood season are simulated to help analyze and understand data more clearly, and assist decision makers in making decisions. Β© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024. |
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| publications-4936 |
Conference paper |
2023 |
Zhao Y.; Pang S.; Lv Z.; Miao S. |
Augmented Digital Twins for Predictive Automatic Regulation and Fault Alarm in Sewage Plan |
MM 2023 - Proceedings of the 31st ACM International Conference on Multimedia |
10.1145/3581783.3613778 |
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In this paper, Digital Twins(DT) is combined with the sewage plant. Through Digital Twins, the actual needs are analyzed to solve the problems existing in the sewage plant. Combined with Augmented Reality(AR), Machine Learning(ML) and automatic control algorithms, various functions of sewage plant can be achieved. The system uses Long Short Term Memory(LSTM), Gate Recurrent Unit(GRU) and Fuzzy Neural Network(FNN) to predict the Chemical Oxygen Demand(COD) concentration in water quality. By using these algorithms, the Digital Twins Sewage Plant(DTSP) can be better interacted with workers. Through remote control, fault alarm, automatic regulation and prediction, Digital Twins can improve the efficiency of sewage treatment. Β© 2023 ACM. |
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| publications-4937 |
Book chapter |
2024 |
Xinting G.; Weimin Z. |
Apply Digital-Twin Model to Optimize the Planning of Equipment Pipeline System in the Laboratory Campus |
Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication |
10.1007/978-981-99-8405-3_22 |
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Building Information Modeling plays an important role in laboratory design. The reasonable layout of the outdoor equipment pipeline is the key to supporting the efficient operation of the laboratory, increasing the flexibility of the laboratory space module, and planning a holistic smart campus space. However, the traditional BIM model lacks convenient visualization and interoperability in the early stage of the program and may lead to inconsistency. This paper aims to propose an integrated visual optimization model toolkit of the equipment and piping using the Rhino + Grasshopper platform. Based on this digital-twin model, the horizontal and vertical space required for the outdoor equipment piping system can be quickly calculated in the site planning stage. The workflow improves the efficiency and accuracy of equipment pipeline system design and reduces multiple design changes. After verifying the validity of the model through two virtual scenarios, it was demonstrated in a real laboratory campus. In the construction drawing stage, the toolkit was used to check whether the interspace of different professional pipeline meets the requirements. This paper expands the design concept, emphasizes the coupling relationship between pipelines and building space, and integrates the experimental and building space concepts throughout the design process. Β© The Author(s) 2024. |
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| publications-4938 |
Conference paper |
2024 |
Mishra S.; Karanjkar P.; Rawat D. |
Multiphase Virtual Flow Metering: A Step Change in Production Management |
Offshore Technology Conference Asia, OTCA 2024 |
10.4043/34896-MS |
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A multiphase flowmeter capable of adapting to varying well conditions and providing reservoir transient data is an essential tool for reliable production planning and optimization. This is the main driver for the development of a multiphase virtual flow metering (VFM) module, which is intended to be an add-on to the traditional production management system, (PMS), and as a value addition for the operator. Current physical flow metering systems have certain limitations such as a need for extensive calibration, and high capital and maintenance costs. Also, simultaneous monitoring of every producing well can be cost-prohibitive; thus, making it difficult to determine the field production efficiently and accurately. Having limited real-time field data adds a high degree of unreliability to any simulator predictions. The PMS integrated multiphase VFM described in this paper has been designed to specifically address some of these concerns in a cost-effective manner. This VFM system operates on simulated data sets as well as live field data, which are obtained at a much higher frequency to capture even short-duration transients in the field. An additional advantage of this system is that it can be deployed individually for each well, which facilitates single-well production metering. The VFM module, based on the dynamic multiphase flow simulator, has been developed by one of the industry leaders in simulating transient behavior of flow from a reservoir through the pipeline system. Virtual results such as pressures, temperatures, and multiphase flow rates from a digital-twin of the field are used as base results to predict the field flow rates. These predicted flow rates are compared with real-time data from instruments along the well tubing at the bottom-hole and wellhead. The VFM module processes deviations between predicted and real-time data, adjusts for factors such as instrument sensitivities and field data quality, and corrects the virtual flow rates even further towards more accurate predictions. To validate and confirm this, the model also outputs the confidence rating associated with the improved predictions. These predicted results and associated confidence levels are the final outputs from the VFM system. When integrated with the PMS, this VFM module can also configure alerts to the user in the case of any sudden risks or unwanted transients arising from the reservoir such as water breakthrough in a gas well. Upgrading the PMS with the new VFM module will empower the operator with reliable and accurate flow predictions and help overcome the production flow rate uncertainty In addition to removing dependency on field instrumentation, this VFM module will facilitate improved field production forecasting, and can help lead to timely intervention in potential production-loss scenarios caused by unexpected transients. Copyright Β© 2024, Offshore Technology Conference. |
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| publications-4939 |
Conference paper |
2024 |
Arisekola K.; Madson K.; Sturgill R. |
State-of-the-Practice of Digital Twin Implementation in the Utility Sector |
Computing in Civil Engineering 2023: Visualization, Information Modeling, and Simulation - Selected Papers from the ASCE International Conference on Computing in Civil Engineering 2023 |
10.1061/9780784485231.050 |
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The utility sector has historically been challenged with poor information on subsurface utilities, leading to problems such as utility strikes, subsequent delays, and cost overruns. Emerging technologies such as a digital twin (DT) are being proposed to better capture subsurface utility data to minimize some of these problems. This study reviews the state of the practice of DT in the utility sector to pave the way for future research direction. The study involved selecting and critically reviewing relevant papers in two databases. The review's outcome shows that DT adoption in the utility sector is still nascent, and more academic research is needed for significant advancement. It was also observed that the most advanced implementation of DT can be found in the water sector, while other utilities only implemented geometric DTs. Also, the problem of accurately locating existing subsurface facilities for easy maintenance or upgrade continues to linger. Β© 2024 Computing in Civil Engineering 2023: Visualization, Information Modeling, and Simulation - Selected Papers from the ASCE International Conference on Computing in Civil Engineering 2023. All rights reserved. |
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| publications-4940 |
Conference paper |
2023 |
Martins R.C.; Cunha M.; Santos F.; Tosin R.; Barroso T.G.; Silva F.; QueirΓ³s C.; Pereira M.R.; Moura P.; Pinho T.; Boaventura J.; MagalhΓ£es S.; Aguiar A.S.; Silvestre J.; DamΓ΅sio M.; Amador R.; Barbosa C.; Martins C.; AraΓΊjo J.; Vidal J.P.; Rodrigues F.; Maia M.; Rodrigues V.; Garcia A.; Raimundo D.; Trindade M.; Pestana C.; Maia P. |
Phenobot - Intelligent photonics for molecular phenotyping in Precision Viticulture |
BIO Web of Conferences |
10.1051/bioconf/20236801018 |
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The Phenobot platform is comprised by an autonomous robot, instrumentation, artificial intelligence, and digital twin diagnosis at the molecular level, marking the transition from pure data-driven to knowledge-driven agriculture 4.0, towards a physiology-based approach to precision viticulture. Such is achieved by measuring the plant metabolome 'in vivo' and 'in situ', using spectroscopy and artificial intelligence for quantifying metabolites, e.g.: i. grapes: chlorophylls a and b, pheophytins a and b, anthocyanins, carotenoids, malic and tartaric acids, glucose and fructose; ii. foliage: chlorophylls a and b, pheophytins a and b, anthocyanins, carotenoids, nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, sugars, and leaf water potential; and iii. soil nutrients (NPK). The geo-referenced metabolic information of each plant (organs and tissues) is the basis of multi-scaled analysis: i. geo-referenced metabolic maps of vineyards at the macroscopic field level, and ii. genome-scale 'in-silico' digital twin model for inferential physiology (phenotype state) and omics diagnosis at the molecular and cellular levels (transcription, enzyme efficiency, and metabolic fluxes). Genome-scale 'in-silico' Vitis vinifera numerical network relationships and fluxes comprise the scientific knowledge about the plant's physiological response to external stimuli, being the comparable mechanisms between laboratory and field experimentation - providing a causal and interpretable relationship to a complex system subjected to external spurious interactions (e.g., soil, climate, and ecosystem) scrambling pure data-driven approaches. This new approach identifies the molecular and cellular targets for managing plant physiology under different stress conditions, enabling new sustainable agricultural practices and bridging agriculture with plant biotechnology, towards faster innovations (e.g. biostimulants, anti-microbial compounds/mechanisms, nutrition, and water management). Phenobot is a project under the Portuguese emblematic initiative in Agriculture 4.0, part of the Recovery and Resilience Plan (Ref. PRR: 190 Ref. 09/C05-i03/2021 - PRR-C05-i03-I-000134). Β© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
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