Scientific Results

This catalogue is obtained by conducting a systematic literature review of scientific studies and reviews related to monitoring, forecasting, and simulating the inland water cycle. The analysis maps scientific expertise across research groups and classifies findings by the type of inland water studied, application focus, and geographical scope. A gap analysis will identify missing research areas and assess their relevance to policymaking.

ID ▲ Type Year Authors Title Venue/Journal DOI Research type Water System Technical Focus Abstract Link with Projects Link with Tools Related policies ID
publications-4791 Article 2024 Liu Y.; Xiao Z.; Lu K.; Gao L.; Huang A.; Du Q.; Wei Q.; Zhou Z. Iptwins: visual analysis of injection-production correlations using digital twins Journal of Visualization 10.1007/s12650-024-00971-5 Abstract: During oil-gas production, appropriate water injection to different production layers can effectively maintain stratum pressure and implement sustainable extraction of petroleum resources. Studying the performance of oil displacement by water is largely significant for researching the distribution of remaining-oil and adjusting the oilfield development plan. Nevertheless, the multidimensional time-varying injection-production data and 3D spatial structures of underground injection-production networks pose special challenges for effective injection-production correlation analysis. Therefore, we propose a digital-twin-driven visualization to explore and simulate the dynamic patterns of injectors and producers. First, digital twins of underground injection-production network are constructed with static 3D geospatial scenes and dynamic injection-production data, providing users with intuitive visual exploration and flexible interaction. Then, we apply the multi-step time-varying Long Short-term Memory (LSTM) model for dynamic analysis and recommendation of injection development. Furthermore, abstract information visualizations are combined with the 3D virtual environment to support the real-time monitoring and dynamic simulation of injection-production process. Case studies based on real-world datasets and interviews with domain experts have demonstrated the effectiveness of our system for intelligent injection-production analysis. Graphic abstract: (Figure presented.) Β© The Visualization Society of Japan 2024.
publications-4792 Conference paper 2024 Kamburjan E.; Sieve R.; Baramashetru C.P.; Amato M.; Barmina G.; Occhipinti E.; Broch Johnsen E. GreenhouseDT: An Exemplar for Digital Twins Proceedings - 2024 IEEE/ACM 19th Symposium on Software Engineering for Adaptive and Self-Managing Systems, SEAMS 2024 10.1145/3643915.3644108 Digital twins, which are increasingly adopted in industry, are model-centric systems used to improve the behavior of a twinned physical system. Seen as a whole, this system has several layers of self-adaptation: first, the digital twin manages its physical counterpart and maintains its models through a feedback loop to, e.g., fine-tune model parameters. Second, the digital twin needs to deal with unforeseen changes in the composition of the physical system, which require models to be partly replaced or recomposed. To facilitate research on self-adaptive digital twins, without requiring access to industrial production systems, this paper presents GreenhouseDT, an exemplar that explicitly separates these layers of self-adaptation. GreenhouseDT provides an extensible software architecture for a digital twin of a simple, low-cost greenhouse, in which plants, sensors and water pumps constitute the physical system. GreenhouseDT includes an asset model in the digital twin's knowledge base and uses reflection to lift twinned configurations into the knowledge base. We discuss how GreenhouseDT can be extended with different digital twin capabilities, demonstrated by the addition of plant health monitoring and model-based control. Β© 2024 is held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to ACM.
publications-4793 Article 2024 Bautista Gonzalez O.; Rönnow D. Physical Modeling of a Water Hydraulic Proportional Cartridge Valve for a Digital Twin in a Hydraulic Press Machine Processes 10.3390/pr12040693 Digital twins are an emerging technology that can be harnessed for the digitalization of the industry. Steel industry systems contain a large number of electro-hydraulic components as proportional valves. An input–output model for a water proportional cartridge valve was derived from physical modeling based on fluid mechanics, dynamics, and electrical principles. The valve is a two-stage valve with two two/two-way water proportional valves as the pilot stage and a marginally stable poppet-type cartridge valve as the main valve. To our knowledge, this is the first time that an input–output model was derived for a two-stage proportional cartridge valve with a marginally stable main valve. The orifice equation, which is based on Bernoulli principles, was approximated by a polynomial, which made the parameter estimation easier and modeling possible without measuring the pressure of the varying control volume, in contrast with previous studies of similar types of valves situated in the pilot stage part of the valve. This work complements previous studies of similar types of valves in two ways: (1) data were collected when the valve was operating in a closed loop and (2) data were collected when the valve was part of a press mill machine in a steel manufacturing plant. Model parameters were identified from data from these operating conditions. The parameters of the input–output model were estimated by convex optimization with physical constraints to overcome the problems caused by poor system excitation. For comparison, a simple linear model was derived and the least squares method was used for the parameter estimation. A thorough estimation of the parameters’ relative errors is presented. The model contains five parameters related to the design parameters of the valve. The modeled position output was in good agreement with experimental data for the training and test data. The model can be used for the real-time monitoring of the valve’s status by the model parameters. One of the model parameters varied linearly with the production cycles. Thus, the aging of the valve can be monitored. © 2024 by the authors.
publications-4794 Article 2024 Zhou S.-W.; Guo S.-S.; Xu W.-X.; Du B.-G.; Liang J.-Y.; Wang L.; Li Y.-B. Digital Twin-Based Pump Station Dynamic Scheduling for Energy-Saving Optimization in Water Supply System Water Resources Management 10.1007/s11269-024-03791-2 In urban water supply systems, pump stations are the hubs for making the complete systems operate regularly as well as the main energy-consuming units. In order to address the current problems of water supply systems, such as high energy consumption and low efficiency of the pump station operation, and poor response and adaptability to disturbance events, a digital twin (DT)-based full-process dynamic pump station scheduling method for energy-saving optimization in water treatment plants was proposed in this study. To be specific, the DT technology was introduced to predict the availability status of the pump unit in advance, trigger the rescheduling process in time, and achieve energy conservation and consumption reduction, so as to provide technical and methodological support for unattended pump stations. The results of experiments revealed that an average energy-saving rate of 9.78% could be achieved by using the proposed method on the premise of ensuring the full-process dynamic water balance. In addition, the method could maintain high efficiency during the operation of the pumps, and guarantee the safety and stability of the pump stations. Β© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2024.
publications-4795 Article 2024 Schemminger J.; Raut S.; Sturm B.; Defraeye T. A hybrid digital shadow to assess biological variability in carrot slices during drying Thermal Science and Engineering Progress 10.1016/j.tsep.2024.102507 Digital twins allow non-invasive access to the hygrothermal processes of fruits and vegetables during drying. However, existing methods do not consider the heterogeneity of product particles throughout the process. This study uses physics-based and Monte Carlo simulations to predict natural variability in carrot slices from raw material to the final product. Data from literature to model sorption isotherm and effective diffusivity, to validate the hygrothermal model, and to provide input ranges for Monte Carlo simulations was used. Nusselt correlations define heat and mass transfer coefficients, while conductive heat transfer accounts for thermal contact between the mesh tray and carrot slice. Validation shows good agreement between model and experimental data. A first-order reaction kinetic describes the thermal decay of Ξ²-carotene satisfactorily. Sensitivity analysis identifies the parameters that impact drying time and carotene retention most: slice thickness and initial moisture content. The study also introduces a water activity assessment method for the carrot slice population in the dryer, applying it to assess convective drying efficiency under different conditions. Raising the drying air temperature from 50 Β°C to 70 Β°C, along with a shift to product temperature-controlled drying, achieves a 45 % reduction in drying time, a 27 % decrease in required heat energy, and an 8 % improvement in Ξ²-carotene retention. The described approach holds promising insights for optimizing drying processes without additional equipment. In addition, the combination of physical and Monte Carlo simulations will enable progress in areas where variability plays a decisive role. Β© 2024 The Author(s)
publications-4796 Review 2024 WerbiΕ„ska-Wojciechowska S.; Giel R.; Winiarska K. Digital Twin Approach for Operation and Maintenance of Transportation Systemβ€”Systematic Review Sensors 10.3390/s24186069 There is a growing need to implement modern technologies, such as digital twinning, to improve the efficiency of transport fleet maintenance processes and maintain company operational capacity at the required level. A comprehensive review of the existing literature is conducted to address this, offering an up-to-date analysis of relevant content in this field. The methodology employed is a systematic literature review using the Primo multi-search tool, adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The selection criteria focused on English studies published between 2012 and 2024, resulting in 201 highly relevant papers. These papers were categorized into seven groups: (a) air transportation, (b) railway transportation, (c) land transportation (road), (d) in-house logistics, (e) water and intermodal transportation, (f) supply chain operation, and (g) other applications. A notable strength of this study is its use of diverse scientific databases facilitated by the multi-search tool. Additionally, a bibliometric analysis was performed, revealing the evolution of DT applications over the past decade and identifying key areas such as predictive maintenance, condition monitoring, and decision-making processes. This study highlights the varied levels of adoption across different transport sectors and underscores promising areas for future development, particularly in underrepresented domains like supply chains and water transport. Additionally, this paper identifies significant research gaps, including integration challenges, real-time data processing, and standardization needs. Future research directions are proposed, focusing on enhancing predictive diagnostics, automating maintenance processes, and optimizing inventory management. This study also outlines a framework for DT in transportation systems, detailing key components and functionalities essential for effective maintenance management. The findings provide a roadmap for future innovations and improvements in DT applications within the transportation industry. This study ends with conclusions and future research directions. Β© 2024 by the authors.
publications-4797 Article 2024 Fu A.; Qiao R.; Wu Z. Decentralized periodic event-triggered control for smart water distribution systems via digital twin approach International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control 10.1002/rnc.7484 Decentralized periodic event-triggered control can reduce the working time and data transmissions in the sensor nodes for feedback control loops, making it suitable for wireless networked control systems, especially those with large physical scales, such as smart water distribution systems. However, the design of this control approach requires accurate system model, which is normally difficult to obtain. In this work, we assume a digital twin of the original system can be obtained by some modeling and simulation tools, for example, Simscape in MATLAB/Simulink for water distribution systems, and thus present an event-triggered controller design approach. We first present the design of such an event-triggered controller for the digital twin; and then analyze the condition under which if both the original system and its digital twin can be satisfied, the same controller can work for the original system and some type of stability can be guaranteed at the same time. The proposed approach is applied in a smart water distribution system to show the feasibility. Β© 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
publications-4798 Article 2024 Gao Z.; Hu Y.; Xu N.; Yang Y.; Liu J. Construction and technical application in the digital twin irrigation development in the three large irrigation schemes at Binzhou City of Shandong Province; [ε±±δΈ_x009c_滨ε·_x009e_市三大引黄η_x008c_ε_x008c_Ίζ•°ε­—ε­η”_x009f_η_x008c_ε_x008c_Ίε»Ίθ®ΎδΈ_x008e_ζ_x008a_€ζ_x009c_―应用] Journal of Irrigation and Drainage 10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2024251 The three large irrigation schemes, namely Bojili, Xiaokaihe and Handun irrigation scheme, in Binzhou City of Shandong Province include in the pilot list of digital twin irrigation schemes by the Ministry of Water Resoucres. This paper systemically introduced the overall design structure of digital twin irrigation scheme for the three large irrigation schemes, as well as the construction components and technical approaches for the digital twin irrigation development in the three irrigation schemes, including, data base, vertical monitoring system, canal automation, models, support system and management platform, etc. The construction of the digital twin irrigation schemes in the three large irrigation schemes in Binzhou City is based on the existing information system. The total investment has reach more than 42.8 million RMB Yuan, and the major part of the pilot project has completed and put into use successfully and received good application results. The application of water schedule model could reduce planning time by 60% and saving water by 6%, and canal automation could save labor by 40%. With the further development, updating and application of the digital twin irrigation technology in the three large irrigation schemes, irrigation water management can be further improved by increasing digital, intelligent and precise management, which will contribute to high quality and sustainable development of irrigation schemes. Β© 2024 Office of Journal of Irrigation and Drainage, Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. All rights reserved.
publications-4799 Article 2025 Jin G.; Jiang Z.; Sun Y.; Liu Z.; Liu S.; Wu F. Intelligent clean-in-place (CIP) system in beverage (healthy water) cleaner production Food Control 10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.110877 In food and beverage production, maintaining cleanliness is paramount, despite the emphasis placed on it, food safety incidents due to incomplete CIP still occur frequently. This study used the cleaner production of a beverage (healthy water) as a model. An intelligent CIP system employs advanced technologies such as automation, big data, and digital twin to standardize CIP-related data through modeling. Comprehensive management of the CIP process at all levelsβ€”from operators to supervisors and managersβ€”is achieved through access control. The digital twin system ensures effective CIP execution by comparing real-time data from automated operations with standard model data. Full traceability and post-event review of CIP activities are realized through CIP order management, while big data analysis quickly identifies problem areas for continuous improvement. This approach ensures the entire CIP process is error-free, fully transparent, traceable, continuously optimized, and conducive to cleaner production. Β© 2024 Elsevier Ltd
publications-4800 Review 2024 Lowry G.V.; Giraldo J.P.; Steinmetz N.F.; Avellan A.; Demirer G.S.; Ristroph K.D.; Wang G.J.; Hendren C.O.; Alabi C.A.; Caparco A.; da Silva W.; González-Gamboa I.; Grieger K.D.; Jeon S.-J.; Khodakovskaya M.V.; Kohay H.; Kumar V.; Muthuramalingam R.; Poffenbarger H.; Santra S.; Tilton R.D.; White J.C. Towards realizing nano-enabled precision delivery in plants Nature Nanotechnology 10.1038/s41565-024-01667-5 Nanocarriers (NCs) that can precisely deliver active agents, nutrients and genetic materials into plants will make crop agriculture more resilient to climate change and sustainable. As a research field, nano-agriculture is still developing, with significant scientific and societal barriers to overcome. In this Review, we argue that lessons can be learned from mammalian nanomedicine. In particular, it may be possible to enhance efficiency and efficacy by improving our understanding of how NC properties affect their interactions with plant surfaces and biomolecules, and their ability to carry and deliver cargo to specific locations. New tools are required to rapidly assess NC–plant interactions and to explore and verify the range of viable targeting approaches in plants. Elucidating these interactions can lead to the creation of computer-generated in silico models (digital twins) to predict the impact of different NC and plant properties, biological responses, and environmental conditions on the efficiency and efficacy of nanotechnology approaches. Finally, we highlight the need for nano-agriculture researchers and social scientists to converge in order to develop sustainable, safe and socially acceptable NCs. © Springer Nature Limited 2024.