ID:
publications-4224
Type:
article
Year:
2014
Authors:
Beal, Cara and Beal, Cara and Stewart, Rodney Anthony and Stewart, Rodney Anthony
Title:
Identifying Residential Water End Uses Underpinning Peak Day and Peak Hour Demand
Venue/Journal:
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
DOI:
10.1061/(asce)wr.1943-5452.0000357
Research type:
Water System:
Technical Focus:
Abstract:
AbstractAccurate and up-to-date peak demand data are essential to ensure that future mains water supply networks reflect current usage patterns and are designed efficiently from an engineering, environmental, and economic perspective. The aim of this paper was to identify the water end-uses that drive peak day demand and to examine their associated hourly diurnal demand patterns based on over 18 months of water consumption data obtained from high-resolution smart meters installed in 230 residential properties across South East Queensland, Australia. Peak day (PD) to average day (AD) ratios between 1 and 1.5 were driven by both external and internal end-uses. However, as the PD:AD ratio increased above 1.5, demand was driven largely by external water usage (i.e.,lawn and garden irrigation). Peak hour ratios (i.e.,PHPD:PHAD) ranged from 1.3 to 3.0 for the four peak demand days. At the end-use level, the individual end-use category PHPD:PHAD ratios were in the range of 0.7–3.3 for all end-uses, with the ex...
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